Doxofylline is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor and a xanthine derivative drug for asthma.

Coumarin is a secondary phytochemical with hepatotoxic and carcinogenic properties.

Climbazole is a broad-spectrum imidazole antifungal agent that can provide anti-dandruff benefits.

Pilocarpine HCl is a nive muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonist used to produce an experimental model of epilepsy.

Bergapten is a psoralen that can be photoactivated and is capable of crossing-ing DNA, covalently modifying proteins and lipids, and consequently inhibiting cell replication.

Dicoumarol is a competitive NADPH quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) inhibitor,and used as an anticoagulant by interfering with the metabolism of vitamin K.  

Escin is a mixture of saponins with anti-inflammatory, vasoconstrictor and vasoprotective effects found in Aesculus hippocastanum(the horse chestnut).

Eugenol is a naturally occuring scent chemical found in clove oil and other plants. The physiologic effect of eugenol is by means of increased Histamine Release, and cell-mediated Immunity.