3-Nitropropionic acid (3-NP) is an irreversible inhibitor of mitochondrial respiratory Complex II succinate dehydrogenase, resulting in energy depletion through disruption of the electron transport chain.

O6-Benzylguanine (O6-BG) is a potent O6-alkylguanine DNA alkyltransferase (AGT) inactivator.

Trolox is a cell-permeable, water-soluble derivative of vitamin E with potent antioxidant properties.

Sulfaphenazole is an inhibitor of CYP2C9 with Ki value of 0.3 μM and demonstrates at least 100-fold selectivity over other CYP450 isoforms (Ki values of 63 and 29 μM for CYP2C8 and CYP2C18, respectively, and no activity at CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP3A4, CYP2C19).

Vitamin E Acetate is the stable form of Vitamin E most often used in cosmetic formulations for its skin care benefits. It protects the cells against free radicals and prevents the peroxidation of body fats as an in-vivo antioxidant.

Pargyline is an irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B with Ki values of 13 and 0.5 μM for time-dependent inhibition of the activity of MAO-A and -B, respectivey.

Mafenide is a sulfonamide that inhibits the enzyme carbonic anhydrase and is used as topical anti-infective, especially in burn therapy.  

Elafibranor is an agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α(PPAR-alpha) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-δ(PPAR-δ). It improves insulin sensitivity, glucose homeostasis, and lipid metabolism and reduces inflammation.