Antazoline HCl is a first generation antihistamine, binding to the histamine H1 receptor and blocking the action of endogenous histamine.

Venlafaxine hydrochloride is an arylalkanolamine serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI).

Atropine sulfate functions as a sympathetic, competitive antagonist of muscarinic cholinergic receptors, thereby abolishing the effects of parasympathetic stimulation.

Olopatadine HCl is a histamine blocker and mast cell stabilizer with an IC50 of 559 μM for the release of histamine.

Mequitazine is a histamine H1 antagonist (antihistamine).

Diflunisal is a salicylic acid derivative that is used in the therapy of chronic arthritis and mild to moderate acute pain.

Aprepitant is a small molecule, high-affinity substance P antagonist (SPA) with antiemetic activity.

Octopamine is a biogenic amine, which functions as a neurotransmitter, neuromodulator and neurohormone.