Phloracetophenone, or 2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone (THA), the aglycone component of phloracetophenone glucoside, is a naturally occurring compound obtained from the rhizome of Curcuma comosa (Family Zingiberaceae).

Nicotinamide N-oxide is recognized as an in vivo metabolite of nicotinamide which is a precurser of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) in animals.

Methylcysteine is one of the identified number of bioactive substances in garlic that are water soluble that may exert some chemopreventive effects on chemical carcinogenesis.

3-Hydroxyflavone is the simplest molecule of the flavonol class that is usually used in synthesis of biologically active molecules.

S-Allyl cysteine (SAC), a natural constituent of fresh garlic, has antioxidant and anticancer properties in animals.

N-Acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac or NANA) is the predominant sialic acid found in mammalian cells. Sialic acids are negatively charged monosaccharides attached to the end of sugar chains, giving rise to a wide variety of glycoproteins and glycolipids in biological fluids and cell membranes.

Methandrostenolone is a synthetic steroid with anabolic properties that are more pronounced than its androgenic effects.

6-Chloropurine is used in the preparation of 9-alkylpurines through alkylation with various substituted alkyl halides in dimethyl sulfoxide.