(-)-Epigallocatechin, widespread in plants, has been shown to exhibit anti-tumor, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory functions.

Ginsenoside Rg1, identified as a protopanaxatriol-type, has pharmacological actions such as neuroprotective and anti-tumor effects on various cancer types.

Ginsenoside Rb1 is a protopanaxadiol that has diverse in vitro and in vivo effects, including neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-obesity actions.

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), also known as epigallocatechin-3-gallate, is the ester of epigallocatechin and gallic acid, and is a type of catechin with anti-inflammatory effects.

Forsythin (FOR) is an active ingredient extracted from the fruit of the medicinal plant Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl and has been shown to have antioxidant, antibacterial and antiinflammatory properties.

Swertiamarin is a common secoiridoid found among the members of Gentianaceae with anti-inflammatory, anticancer, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities.

Liquiritigenin, the most active estrogenic compound from the root of Glycyrrhizae uralensis Fisch, selectively binds to ERβ with an IC50 value of 7.5 μM and activates multiple ER regulatory elements and native target genes with Erβ but not ERα.

Liquiritin (LIQ) is a main component among the licorice flavonoids, and possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer abilities.