Hyodeoxycholic(HDCA) acid is a secondary bile acid, one of the metabolic byproducts of intestinal bacteria.

Icariin is a cGMP-specific PDE5 inhibitor with IC50 of 0.432 μM, 167-fold more selective for PDE5 than PDE4.

Limonin is a triterpenoid enriched in citrus fruits, which has antivirus and antitumor ability.

Methyl Hesperidin is a flavanone glycoside (flavonoid) (C28H34O15) found abundantly in citrus fruits. Its aglycone form is called hesperetin.

Myricetin, a natural flavonoid with antioxidant and anti tumor properties, is a novel inhibitor of MEK1 activity and transformation of JB6 P+ mouse epidermal cells. It also inhibits PI3Kγ with Kd of 0.17 μM.

Myricitrin, a flavonoid compound isolated from the root bark of Myrica cerifera, which exerts antinociceptive effects.

Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone(Nhdc), sometimes abbreviated to neohesperidin DC or simply NHDC, is an artificial sweetener derived from citrus.

Neohesperidin, a flavanone glycoside found in citrus fruits, is an antioxidant agent.